Working Principle of Dynamic Balancing Machine

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Working Principle of Dynamic Balancing Machine

Working Principle of Dynamic Balancing Machine

The dynamic balancing machine is a precision equipment designed to detect and correct the unbalance of rotating parts (rotors). Its core working principle is based on the mechanical characteristics of centrifugal force generated by unbalanced rotors during high-speed rotation, and it realizes accurate balancing through four key steps:

1. Rotor Driving

The machine drives the rotor to rotate at a preset speed through a transmission system (such as belt drive, universal joint drive or dual drive). The rotation speed is usually adjusted according to the actual working speed of the rotor to simulate its real operating state, ensuring the accuracy of unbalance detection.

2. Vibration Signal Collection

Piezoelectric acceleration sensors or displacement sensors installed on the machine's support system capture the vibration signals generated by the rotor during rotation. These vibration signals are directly related to the magnitude and phase of the rotor's unbalance— the greater the unbalance, the more obvious the vibration.

3. Signal Processing and Calculation

The collected vibration signals are transmitted to the electronic measurement system, which uses signal processing technologies such as FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) to filter out interference signals and extract effective unbalance information. The system then calculates the specific magnitude (usually expressed in g·mm) and angular position of the unbalance on the rotor.

4. Unbalance Correction and Re-inspection

According to the unbalance data displayed by the system, the operator corrects the rotor— commonly by drilling to remove weight at the position with excessive mass or installing counterweights at the corresponding position. After correction, the rotor is tested again, and the process is repeated until the residual unbalance is controlled within the required precision grade (in line with ISO 1940 standards).

In summary, the dynamic balancing machine achieves the purpose of reducing rotor vibration, reducing equipment wear and improving operational stability by accurately detecting and eliminating the unbalance of the rotor.

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